Which of the following is true regarding baking powder?

Baking powder is a leavening agent that contains both acid and alkaline components, which is essential for its function in baking. When baking powder is mixed with a liquid and exposed to heat during the baking process, a chemical reaction occurs between the acid and alkaline components, producing carbon dioxide gas. This gas forms bubbles in the batter or dough, causing it to rise and become light and fluffy.

The presence of both components is crucial because it means baking powder can produce carbon dioxide without needing an additional acid source, such as vinegar or yogurt, which is typically required with baking soda (a base).

Understanding the chemistry behind baking powder is fundamental for baking, as it directly affects texture and volume. The combination of the acid and alkaline elements allows for a controlled release of gas, contributing to the desired leavening effect in baked goods.