What is the primary role of humectants in food products?

Humectants play a crucial role in food products primarily by retaining moisture. They are substances that attract and hold water, helping to maintain the moisture content of foods and prevent them from drying out. This characteristic is especially important in foods that can easily lose water, such as baked goods, confections, and certain dairy products. By keeping these foods moist, humectants can enhance texture and shelf life, ultimately improving the overall quality of the product.

While some humectants can also have slight impacts on flavor and sweetness, their fundamental function centers around moisture retention. This is why options related to enhancing flavor, increasing sweetness, or improving appearance do not capture the primary purpose of humectants. The essential focus is on their ability to draw in moisture and maintain the desired texture and freshness of the food.